Bacterial Biofertilizers for Sustainable Crop Production: a Review

The most important constraint limiting crop yield in developing nations worldwide, and especially among resource-poor farmers, is soil infertility. Therefore, maintaining soil quality can reduce the problems of land degradation, decreasing soil fertility and rapidly declining production levels that occur in large parts of the world needing the basic principles of good farming practice. Minerals, organic components and microorganisms are three major solid components of the soil. They profoundly affect the physical, chemical, and biological properties and processes of terrestrial systems. Biofertilizer are the products containing cell of different types of beneficial microorganisms. Thus, biofertilizers can be important components of integrated nutrients management. Organisms that are commonly used as biofertilizers component are nitrogen fixers (N-fixer), solubilizer (K-solubilizer) and phosphorus solubilizer (Psolubilizer), or with the combination of molds or fungi. These potential biological fertilizers would play key role in productivity and sustainability of soil and also protect the environment as eco-friendly and cost effective inputs for the farmers. With using the biological and organic fertilizers, a low input system can be carried out and it can be help achieving sustainability of farms.